Dziś autentyczny projekt japońskiego krążownika z działami 12-calowymi, pochodzący z lat bezpośrednio po zakończeniu PWS, autorstwa Yuzuru Hiragi. Okręt ma formę wywodzącą się z krążowników lekkich, rozmiarami odpowiada z grubsza krążownikom „waszyngtońskim”, ale za uzbrojenie ma 3 działa kal. 305 mm w pojedynczych wieżach, uzupełnione przez 8 dział kal. 140 mm w kazamatach i stanowiskach pokładowych oraz 4 wyrzutnie torped. Okręt został opancerzony blachami o grubości 76 mm. Posiada kadłub o znacznym wydłużeniu, co sprzyja osiąganiu znacznych prędkości - wg projektu miał rozwijać aż 36 w., aczkolwiek w symulacji udało mi się osiągnąć tylko 32. Kotły miały być opalane w większości (12 szt.) ropą, ale 3 z nich były na węgiel (którego zasobnie zlokalizowano między kotłowniami a barbetą wieży na śródokręciu.
Oryginalnego przeznaczenia krążownika niestety nie znam, ale okręt w takim kształcie postrzegam jako jednostkę rozpoznawczą, przeznaczoną do współpracy z własnymi siłami głównymi. Kaliber artylerii głównej jest taki, że każdy wrogi okręt musiałby się z nią przynajmniej liczyć, a jednocześnie działa kal. 140 mm zapewniają odpowiednią „gęstość” ognia przy zwalczaniu lżejszych jednostek wroga (niszczyciele, lekkie krążowniki). Jednocześnie prędkość jest na poziomie zapewniającym przewagę nad każdym silniejszym przeciwnikiem. Pozostaje tylko jeden problem – Waszyngton, przez który okręt taki nie mógłby powstać. Chyba żeby ustalono dla krążowników tylko limit wyporności, bez określania maksymalnego kalibru dział – wtedy bardzo możliwe, że takich i podobnych krążowników mogło by powstać więcej. Oprócz japońskich, były projekty podobnych jednostek w USA, a stawiam także na to, że różne mniejsze floty mogły by się zainteresować takim konceptem - w końcu wielkie działa zawsze w cenie, zwłaszcza gdy chcemy jakiś ersatz pancernika, a na prawdziwy nas nie stać;)
Na koniec kwestia nazw – przyjąłem, że będą one pochodzić od japońskich gór, jak w przypadku krążowników ciężkich. Wprawdzie projekt bywa określany jako „krążownik lekki”, więc teoretycznie bardziej pasowały by nazwy pochodzące od rzek, ale z drugiej strony – jeśli to miałby być krążownik lekki, to jak miałby wyglądać krążownik ciężki? Chyba musiałby mieć 20.000 ton i 16-calówki…;)
Warusawa, japanese large light cruiser laid down 1920 (Engine 1922)
Displacement:
10 653 t light; 11 046 t standard; 11 892 t normal; 12 570 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
699,98 ft / 691,57 ft x 62,01 ft x 20,01 ft (normal load)
213,36 m / 210,79 m x 18,90 m x 6,10 m
Armament:
3 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns in single mounts, 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1905 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline, evenly spread
Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
6 - 5,51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83,72lbs / 37,97kg shells, 1914 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
2 - 5,51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83,72lbs / 37,97kg shells, 1914 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline, all amidships
4 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1922 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
2 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1922 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all forward, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 3 347 lbs / 1 518 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
4 - 21,0" / 533 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 2,99" / 76 mm 492,13 ft / 150,00 m 16,80 ft / 5,12 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 109% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
0,98" / 25 mm 156,56 ft / 47,72 m 19,09 ft / 5,82 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2,99" / 76 mm 2,99" / 76 mm 2,99" / 76 mm
2nd: 1,46" / 37 mm - -
3rd: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
- Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2,99" / 76 mm
Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 77 306 shp / 57 670 Kw = 32,00 kts
Range 6 000nm at 14,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1 524 tons (15% coal)
Complement:
569 - 740
Cost:
£2,592 million / $10,367 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 418 tons, 3,5%
Armour: 1 970 tons, 16,6%
- Belts: 1 007 tons, 8,5%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 109 tons, 0,9%
- Armament: 287 tons, 2,4%
- Armour Deck: 534 tons, 4,5%
- Conning Tower: 34 tons, 0,3%
Machinery: 2 659 tons, 22,4%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 5 606 tons, 47,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 240 tons, 10,4%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
16 733 lbs / 7 590 Kg = 19,3 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 2,0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,15
Metacentric height 3,2 ft / 1,0 m
Roll period: 14,6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 79 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,88
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,58
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
and transom stern
Block coefficient: 0,485
Length to Beam Ratio: 11,15 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 29,81 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 17,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,49 ft / 0,15 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 25,92 ft / 7,90 m
- Forecastle (19%): 23,95 ft / 7,30 m
- Mid (50%): 21,95 ft / 6,69 m
- Quarterdeck (16%): 22,44 ft / 6,84 m
- Stern: 23,43 ft / 7,14 m
- Average freeboard: 23,04 ft / 7,02 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 145,9%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 207,1%
Waterplane Area: 29 303 Square feet or 2 722 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 115 lbs/sq ft or 562 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,96
- Longitudinal: 1,51
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
Warusawa (1922)
Tsukuba (1923)
Hotaka (1923)
Fuji (1924)
czwartek, 30 stycznia 2020
czwartek, 23 stycznia 2020
Kolejna duńska kanonierka
Dziś kolejny projekt duński z okresu międzywojennego – powiększona wersja okrętu prezentowanego 2 stycznia. Co do przeznaczenia trudno się rozpisywać, bo jest ono w zasadzie identyczne jak w tamtym przypadku (kanonierka, patrolowiec, okręt ochrony rybołówstwa). Okręt jest natomiast nieco większy co pozwoliło poprawić ochronę pancerną, uzyskać nieco większą prędkość oraz przenosić cięższe uzbrojenie (działa 150 mm). Co ciekawe – w odróżnieniu do poprzedniego projektu, na tym okręcie nie przewidziano wodnosamolotu, oraz ograniczono uzbrojenie torpedowe.
Ps. podobnie jak poprzednio, rysunek będący podstawą poszczególnych wariantów malowania okrętu zaczerpnąłem z forum shipbucket.com.
Absalon, danish patrol gunboat laid down 1938 (Engine 1939)
Displacement:
2 398 t light; 2 501 t standard; 2 798 t normal; 3 035 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
314,97 ft / 302,26 ft x 42,75 ft x 14,83 ft (normal load)
96,00 m / 92,13 m x 13,03 m x 4,52 m
Armament:
4 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns (2x2 guns), 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1923 Model
Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1939 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1939 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all aft
Weight of broadside 421 lbs / 191 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
2 - 18,0" / 457 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 0,98" / 25 mm 179,49 ft / 54,71 m 11,98 ft / 3,65 m
Ends: 0,98" / 25 mm 49,77 ft / 15,17 m 4,99 ft / 1,52 m
73,00 ft / 22,25 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 91% of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1,97" / 50 mm 1,18" / 30 mm 1,18" / 30 mm
2nd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
3rd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2,95" / 75 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 8 829 shp / 6 587 Kw = 20,50 kts
Range 9 000nm at 12,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 534 tons
Complement:
192 - 250
Cost:
£0,910 million / $3,642 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 53 tons, 1,9%
Armour: 313 tons, 11,2%
- Belts: 102 tons, 3,6%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 40 tons, 1,4%
- Armour Deck: 158 tons, 5,7%
- Conning Tower: 13 tons, 0,5%
Machinery: 239 tons, 8,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 793 tons, 64,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 400 tons, 14,3%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
7 394 lbs / 3 354 Kg = 71,8 x 5,9 " / 150 mm shells or 2,4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,15
Metacentric height 1,8 ft / 0,6 m
Roll period: 13,3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,30
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,24
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,511
Length to Beam Ratio: 7,07 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17,39 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 24,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4,49 ft / 1,37 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18,44 ft / 5,62 m
- Forecastle (26%): 15,45 ft / 4,71 m
- Mid (60%): 14,96 ft / 4,56 m (8,99 ft / 2,74 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (23%): 8,99 ft / 2,74 m
- Stern: 8,99 ft / 2,74 m
- Average freeboard: 13,08 ft / 3,99 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 44,0%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 104,7%
Waterplane Area: 8 696 Square feet or 808 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 231%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 130 lbs/sq ft or 636 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,80
- Longitudinal: 4,47
- Overall: 1,98
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Ps. podobnie jak poprzednio, rysunek będący podstawą poszczególnych wariantów malowania okrętu zaczerpnąłem z forum shipbucket.com.
Absalon, danish patrol gunboat laid down 1938 (Engine 1939)
Displacement:
2 398 t light; 2 501 t standard; 2 798 t normal; 3 035 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
314,97 ft / 302,26 ft x 42,75 ft x 14,83 ft (normal load)
96,00 m / 92,13 m x 13,03 m x 4,52 m
Armament:
4 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns (2x2 guns), 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1923 Model
Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1939 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
2 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1939 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 0,79" / 20,0 mm guns (2x2 guns), 0,24lbs / 0,11kg shells, 1934 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all aft
Weight of broadside 421 lbs / 191 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 200
2 - 18,0" / 457 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 0,98" / 25 mm 179,49 ft / 54,71 m 11,98 ft / 3,65 m
Ends: 0,98" / 25 mm 49,77 ft / 15,17 m 4,99 ft / 1,52 m
73,00 ft / 22,25 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 91% of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1,97" / 50 mm 1,18" / 30 mm 1,18" / 30 mm
2nd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
3rd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2,95" / 75 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 8 829 shp / 6 587 Kw = 20,50 kts
Range 9 000nm at 12,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 534 tons
Complement:
192 - 250
Cost:
£0,910 million / $3,642 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 53 tons, 1,9%
Armour: 313 tons, 11,2%
- Belts: 102 tons, 3,6%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 40 tons, 1,4%
- Armour Deck: 158 tons, 5,7%
- Conning Tower: 13 tons, 0,5%
Machinery: 239 tons, 8,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 793 tons, 64,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 400 tons, 14,3%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
7 394 lbs / 3 354 Kg = 71,8 x 5,9 " / 150 mm shells or 2,4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,15
Metacentric height 1,8 ft / 0,6 m
Roll period: 13,3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,30
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,24
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,511
Length to Beam Ratio: 7,07 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 17,39 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 55 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 24,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 4,49 ft / 1,37 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18,44 ft / 5,62 m
- Forecastle (26%): 15,45 ft / 4,71 m
- Mid (60%): 14,96 ft / 4,56 m (8,99 ft / 2,74 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (23%): 8,99 ft / 2,74 m
- Stern: 8,99 ft / 2,74 m
- Average freeboard: 13,08 ft / 3,99 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 44,0%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 104,7%
Waterplane Area: 8 696 Square feet or 808 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 231%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 130 lbs/sq ft or 636 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,80
- Longitudinal: 4,47
- Overall: 1,98
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
piątek, 17 stycznia 2020
Przebudowa predrednota Re Umberto na krążownik pancerny
Dziś nie będę się rozpisywał jakoś specjalnie, bo okręt który jest „bohaterem” tego posta został już przedyskutowany przy okazji jednego z poprzednich postów, a mianowicie: http://springsharp.blogspot.com/2019/08/ciezki-monitor-amerykanski.html
Zatem skrótowo – jest to konwersja przestarzałego pancernika typu Re Umberto na krążownik pancerny, w ramach dokonano wymiany uzbrojenia artyleryjskiego (w tym dział 343 mm na nowoczesne 254 mm w trójdziałowych wieżach), wymiany napędu z klasycznego parowego na turbinowy, wzmocnienia opancerzenia poprzez wymianę głównego pasa pancernego ze stali Schneidera na grubszy utwardzany metodą Kruppa, oraz lekkiej przebudowy części dziobowej. W nowej postaci okręt osiąga 23 w. przy nienadzwyczajnej dzielności morskiej, co jest pochodną małej wysokości bocznej kadłuba. Teoretycznie springsharp pozwoliłby na większą prędkość, ale uprzedzając ewentualne zarzuty o nierealistyczność, nie eskalowałem jej nadmiernie.
Re Umberto, italian armoured cruiser laid down 1888 (Engine 1912)
Displacement:
11 728 t light; 12 414 t standard; 13 790 t normal; 14 891 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
426,51 ft / 426,51 ft x 76,87 ft x 30,48 ft (normal load)
130,00 m / 130,00 m x 23,43 m x 9,29 m
Armament:
6 - 10,00" / 254 mm guns (2x3 guns), 500,00lbs / 226,80kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
10 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
4 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
6 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 4 634 lbs / 2 102 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
5 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 5,91" / 150 mm 251,51 ft / 76,66 m 11,45 ft / 3,49 m
Ends: 0,14" / 3 mm 0,00 ft / 0,00 m 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
175,00 ft / 53,34 m Unarmoured ends
Upper: 3,94" / 100 mm 229,66 ft / 70,00 m 7,51 ft / 2,29 m
Main Belt covers 91% of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 7,87" / 200 mm 6,30" / 160 mm 13,8" / 350 mm
2nd: 3,94" / 100 mm - -
3rd: 1,97" / 50 mm 1,18" / 30 mm -
- Armour deck: 2,95" / 75 mm, Conning tower: 11,81" / 300 mm
Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 33 352 shp / 24 881 Kw = 23,00 kts
Range 6 000nm at 13,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2 477 tons (90% coal)
Complement:
636 - 827
Cost:
£1,100 million / $4,399 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 579 tons, 4,2%
Armour: 3 480 tons, 25,2%
- Belts: 1 082 tons, 7,8%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 1 077 tons, 7,8%
- Armour Deck: 1 175 tons, 8,5%
- Conning Tower: 146 tons, 1,1%
Machinery: 1 448 tons, 10,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 6 220 tons, 45,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 062 tons, 15,0%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
15 618 lbs / 7 084 Kg = 32,2 x 10,0 " / 254 mm shells or 2,5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03
Metacentric height 3,5 ft / 1,1 m
Roll period: 17,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 48 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,43
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0,91
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,483
Length to Beam Ratio: 5,55 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20,65 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16,47 ft / 5,02 m
- Forecastle (24%): 14,99 ft / 4,57 m
- Mid (50%): 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Quarterdeck (16%): 13,98 ft / 4,26 m
- Stern: 13,45 ft / 4,10 m
- Average freeboard: 14,60 ft / 4,45 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 71,3%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 93,1%
Waterplane Area: 21 513 Square feet or 1 999 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 125%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 194 lbs/sq ft or 946 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,08
- Longitudinal: 3,07
- Overall: 1,19
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather
Zatem skrótowo – jest to konwersja przestarzałego pancernika typu Re Umberto na krążownik pancerny, w ramach dokonano wymiany uzbrojenia artyleryjskiego (w tym dział 343 mm na nowoczesne 254 mm w trójdziałowych wieżach), wymiany napędu z klasycznego parowego na turbinowy, wzmocnienia opancerzenia poprzez wymianę głównego pasa pancernego ze stali Schneidera na grubszy utwardzany metodą Kruppa, oraz lekkiej przebudowy części dziobowej. W nowej postaci okręt osiąga 23 w. przy nienadzwyczajnej dzielności morskiej, co jest pochodną małej wysokości bocznej kadłuba. Teoretycznie springsharp pozwoliłby na większą prędkość, ale uprzedzając ewentualne zarzuty o nierealistyczność, nie eskalowałem jej nadmiernie.
Re Umberto, italian armoured cruiser laid down 1888 (Engine 1912)
Displacement:
11 728 t light; 12 414 t standard; 13 790 t normal; 14 891 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
426,51 ft / 426,51 ft x 76,87 ft x 30,48 ft (normal load)
130,00 m / 130,00 m x 23,43 m x 9,29 m
Armament:
6 - 10,00" / 254 mm guns (2x3 guns), 500,00lbs / 226,80kg shells, 1908 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts
10 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
4 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
6 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1909 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 4 634 lbs / 2 102 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
5 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 5,91" / 150 mm 251,51 ft / 76,66 m 11,45 ft / 3,49 m
Ends: 0,14" / 3 mm 0,00 ft / 0,00 m 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
175,00 ft / 53,34 m Unarmoured ends
Upper: 3,94" / 100 mm 229,66 ft / 70,00 m 7,51 ft / 2,29 m
Main Belt covers 91% of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 7,87" / 200 mm 6,30" / 160 mm 13,8" / 350 mm
2nd: 3,94" / 100 mm - -
3rd: 1,97" / 50 mm 1,18" / 30 mm -
- Armour deck: 2,95" / 75 mm, Conning tower: 11,81" / 300 mm
Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 33 352 shp / 24 881 Kw = 23,00 kts
Range 6 000nm at 13,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2 477 tons (90% coal)
Complement:
636 - 827
Cost:
£1,100 million / $4,399 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 579 tons, 4,2%
Armour: 3 480 tons, 25,2%
- Belts: 1 082 tons, 7,8%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 1 077 tons, 7,8%
- Armour Deck: 1 175 tons, 8,5%
- Conning Tower: 146 tons, 1,1%
Machinery: 1 448 tons, 10,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 6 220 tons, 45,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 062 tons, 15,0%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
15 618 lbs / 7 084 Kg = 32,2 x 10,0 " / 254 mm shells or 2,5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03
Metacentric height 3,5 ft / 1,1 m
Roll period: 17,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 48 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,43
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0,91
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,483
Length to Beam Ratio: 5,55 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20,65 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16,47 ft / 5,02 m
- Forecastle (24%): 14,99 ft / 4,57 m
- Mid (50%): 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Quarterdeck (16%): 13,98 ft / 4,26 m
- Stern: 13,45 ft / 4,10 m
- Average freeboard: 14,60 ft / 4,45 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 71,3%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 93,1%
Waterplane Area: 21 513 Square feet or 1 999 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 125%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 194 lbs/sq ft or 946 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,08
- Longitudinal: 3,07
- Overall: 1,19
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather
niedziela, 12 stycznia 2020
Amerykańskie kanonierki pancerne
Po zakończeniu floty secesyjnej liczna flota amerykańska została drastycznie zredukowana. W służbie zachowano jedynie trochę monitorów oraz nieopancerzonych fregat i korwet. Stanowiły podstawową siłę floty w zasadzie do lat 90tych XIX w. Nowych jednostek w tym czasie prawie nie budowano, a budowa tych które rozpoczęto, wlokła się niemiłosiernie. Główne jednostki floty - Monitory z czasów wojny secesyjnej, wobec braku poważniejszych modernizacji (do końca zachowały odprzodowe działa gładkolufowe Dahlgrena!) szybko się zestarzały. Nic więc dziwnego że US Navy w tym czasie nie stanowiła żadnej liczącej się siły morskiej, a nawet pełnienie przez nią funkcji stricte defensywnych było mocno problematyczne. Stąd pomysł na w miarę tanie i szybkie podreperowanie stanu floty poprzez budowę stosunkowo niewielkich kanonierek pancernych, uzbrojonych w dużo nowocześniejszą artylerię. Nikłe rozmiary są wymagane, by utrzymać koszty na niskim poziomie i dziki temu dało się budowę okrętów przepchnąć przez Kongres, mocno w tym czasie niechętny jakimkolwiek zbrojeniom na morzu. Jednocześnie okręty są na tyle duże że przenoszą ciężkie działo kal. 305 mm L/26. Oczywiście, nie są to jednostki pełnomorskie, sporą ich wadą jest mizerna dzielność morska (choć z pewnością lepsza niż dawnych monitorów), ale do bezpośredniej obrony portów powinny się dość dobrze nadawać.
Ps. Rysunek ilustrujący jednostkę pochodzi z forum shipbucket.com i został przeze mnie zmodyfikowany.
Housatonic, United States armoured gunboat laid down 1882 (Engine 1883)
Displacement:
1 559 t light; 1 637 t standard; 1 706 t normal; 1 761 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
207,81 ft / 207,81 ft x 38,62 ft x 13,29 ft (normal load)
63,34 m / 63,34 m x 11,77 m x 4,05 m
Armament:
1 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns in single mounts, 735,85lbs / 333,78kg shells, 1880 Model
Breech loading gun in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
Main guns limited to end-on fire
2 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 95,90lbs / 43,50kg shells, 1883 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
4 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,36lbs / 1,07kg shells, 1873 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
1 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,36lbs / 1,07kg shells, 1873 Model
Quick firing gun in deck mount
on centreline amidships, 1 raised gun
Weight of broadside 939 lbs / 426 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4,02" / 102 mm 73,75 ft / 22,48 m 9,58 ft / 2,92 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 55% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2,01" / 51 mm 2,01" / 51 mm 4,02" / 102 mm
2nd: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
3rd: 1,77" / 45 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2,01" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 1 032 ihp / 770 Kw = 12,00 kts
Range 1 500nm at 8,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 125 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
132 - 172
Cost:
£0,182 million / $0,728 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 117 tons, 6,9%
Armour: 318 tons, 18,6%
- Belts: 153 tons, 8,9%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 59 tons, 3,5%
- Armour Deck: 100 tons, 5,9%
- Conning Tower: 6 tons, 0,4%
Machinery: 205 tons, 12,0%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 919 tons, 53,9%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 147 tons, 8,6%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1 924 lbs / 873 Kg = 2,5 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 0,7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,04
Metacentric height 1,3 ft / 0,4 m
Roll period: 14,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1,66
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise aft of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,560
Length to Beam Ratio: 5,38 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 14,42 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 41 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -12,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 6,99 ft / 2,13 m
- Forecastle (17%): 6,99 ft / 2,13 m
- Mid (24%): 6,99 ft / 2,13 m (14,47 ft / 4,41 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15%): 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Stern: 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Average freeboard: 12,70 ft / 3,87 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 90,1%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 108,6%
Waterplane Area: 5 492 Square feet or 510 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 103 lbs/sq ft or 504 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,83
- Longitudinal: 5,12
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
Housatonic (1883)
Onondaga (1884)
Tecumseh (1885)
Shiloh (1886)
Keokuk (1887)
Wampanoag (1888)
Ps. Rysunek ilustrujący jednostkę pochodzi z forum shipbucket.com i został przeze mnie zmodyfikowany.
Housatonic, United States armoured gunboat laid down 1882 (Engine 1883)
Displacement:
1 559 t light; 1 637 t standard; 1 706 t normal; 1 761 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
207,81 ft / 207,81 ft x 38,62 ft x 13,29 ft (normal load)
63,34 m / 63,34 m x 11,77 m x 4,05 m
Armament:
1 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns in single mounts, 735,85lbs / 333,78kg shells, 1880 Model
Breech loading gun in a turret (on a barbette)
on centreline forward
Main guns limited to end-on fire
2 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 95,90lbs / 43,50kg shells, 1883 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
4 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,36lbs / 1,07kg shells, 1873 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
1 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,36lbs / 1,07kg shells, 1873 Model
Quick firing gun in deck mount
on centreline amidships, 1 raised gun
Weight of broadside 939 lbs / 426 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4,02" / 102 mm 73,75 ft / 22,48 m 9,58 ft / 2,92 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 55% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2,01" / 51 mm 2,01" / 51 mm 4,02" / 102 mm
2nd: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
3rd: 1,77" / 45 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 2,01" / 51 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 1 shaft, 1 032 ihp / 770 Kw = 12,00 kts
Range 1 500nm at 8,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 125 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
132 - 172
Cost:
£0,182 million / $0,728 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 117 tons, 6,9%
Armour: 318 tons, 18,6%
- Belts: 153 tons, 8,9%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 59 tons, 3,5%
- Armour Deck: 100 tons, 5,9%
- Conning Tower: 6 tons, 0,4%
Machinery: 205 tons, 12,0%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 919 tons, 53,9%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 147 tons, 8,6%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1 924 lbs / 873 Kg = 2,5 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 0,7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,04
Metacentric height 1,3 ft / 0,4 m
Roll period: 14,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1,66
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2,00
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise aft of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,560
Length to Beam Ratio: 5,38 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 14,42 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 41 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -12,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 6,99 ft / 2,13 m
- Forecastle (17%): 6,99 ft / 2,13 m
- Mid (24%): 6,99 ft / 2,13 m (14,47 ft / 4,41 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15%): 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Stern: 14,47 ft / 4,41 m
- Average freeboard: 12,70 ft / 3,87 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 90,1%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 108,6%
Waterplane Area: 5 492 Square feet or 510 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 103 lbs/sq ft or 504 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,83
- Longitudinal: 5,12
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
Housatonic (1883)
Onondaga (1884)
Tecumseh (1885)
Shiloh (1886)
Keokuk (1887)
Wampanoag (1888)
czwartek, 2 stycznia 2020
Duńska kanonierka/patrolowiec
W nowym roku, dla odmiany – coś małego ;) Poniższy okręt to autentyczny projekt duński z okresu międzywojennego. Jednostka jest określana jako kanonierka, patrolowiec, okręt ochrony rybołówstwa, a więc w sumie to taki okręt wielozadaniowy. Z ciekawostek, myślę że na tak małej jednostce uwagę zwraca wodnosamolot na pokładzie oraz szczątkowe opancerzenie w postaci pokładu ochronnego (przy tej grubości raczej trudno go uznać za pancerny, a ponadto znalazłem informację, że miał być wykonany ze zwykłej stali konstrukcyjnej, a nie pancernej). Zwracają uwagę także liczne wyrzutnie torped, dodane chyba na wszelki wypadek, być może do samoobrony, bo na skuteczny atak torpedowy w wykonaniu jednostki rozwijającej tylko 18 w. raczej trudno liczyć.
Ps. rysunek będący podstawą poniższych wariantów malowania okrętu pochodzi z forum shipbucket.com.
Thor, danish patrol gunboat laid down 1936 (Engine 1937)
Displacement:
1 472 t light; 1 550 t standard; 1 698 t normal; 1 816 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
276,22 ft / 269,95 ft x 37,50 ft x 11,98 ft (normal load)
84,19 m / 82,28 m x 11,43 m x 3,65 m
Armament:
3 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1933 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft
2 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1936 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
8 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 279 lbs / 127 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 250
4 - 18,0" / 457 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
2nd: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
3rd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,71" / 18 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 4 003 shp / 2 986 Kw = 18,00 kts
Range 9 000nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 267 tons
Complement:
131 - 171
Cost:
£0,508 million / $2,033 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 35 tons, 2,1%
Armour: 111 tons, 6,5%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 23 tons, 1,4%
- Armour Deck: 88 tons, 5,2%
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 111 tons, 6,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 166 tons, 68,7%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 225 tons, 13,3%
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 2,9%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4 755 lbs / 2 157 Kg = 90,2 x 4,7 " / 120 mm shells or 2,1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,07
Metacentric height 1,3 ft / 0,4 m
Roll period: 13,8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 84 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,41
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,68
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,490
Length to Beam Ratio: 7,20 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16,43 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 16,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,98 ft / 0,30 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18,44 ft / 5,62 m
- Forecastle (23%): 16,96 ft / 5,17 m
- Mid (45%): 15,45 ft / 4,71 m (8,99 ft / 2,74 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (16%): 9,48 ft / 2,89 m
- Stern: 9,48 ft / 2,89 m
- Average freeboard: 12,72 ft / 3,88 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 42,8%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 91,5%
Waterplane Area: 6 685 Square feet or 621 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 256%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 108 lbs/sq ft or 528 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,74
- Longitudinal: 4,82
- Overall: 1,93
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
1 seaplane
Thor (1937)
Odin (1938)
Valkyrien (1939)
Aegir (1940)
Ps. rysunek będący podstawą poniższych wariantów malowania okrętu pochodzi z forum shipbucket.com.
Thor, danish patrol gunboat laid down 1936 (Engine 1937)
Displacement:
1 472 t light; 1 550 t standard; 1 698 t normal; 1 816 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
276,22 ft / 269,95 ft x 37,50 ft x 11,98 ft (normal load)
84,19 m / 82,28 m x 11,43 m x 3,65 m
Armament:
3 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1933 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft
2 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1936 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
8 - 1,57" / 40,0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,95lbs / 0,88kg shells, 1936 Model
Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 279 lbs / 127 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 250
4 - 18,0" / 457 mm above water torpedoes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
2nd: 1,46" / 37 mm 0,98" / 25 mm -
3rd: 0,98" / 25 mm - -
- Armour deck: 0,71" / 18 mm
Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 2 shafts, 4 003 shp / 2 986 Kw = 18,00 kts
Range 9 000nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 267 tons
Complement:
131 - 171
Cost:
£0,508 million / $2,033 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 35 tons, 2,1%
Armour: 111 tons, 6,5%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 23 tons, 1,4%
- Armour Deck: 88 tons, 5,2%
- Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
Machinery: 111 tons, 6,5%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 166 tons, 68,7%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 225 tons, 13,3%
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 2,9%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4 755 lbs / 2 157 Kg = 90,2 x 4,7 " / 120 mm shells or 2,1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,07
Metacentric height 1,3 ft / 0,4 m
Roll period: 13,8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 84 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,41
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,68
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0,490
Length to Beam Ratio: 7,20 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16,43 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 16,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,98 ft / 0,30 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18,44 ft / 5,62 m
- Forecastle (23%): 16,96 ft / 5,17 m
- Mid (45%): 15,45 ft / 4,71 m (8,99 ft / 2,74 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (16%): 9,48 ft / 2,89 m
- Stern: 9,48 ft / 2,89 m
- Average freeboard: 12,72 ft / 3,88 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 42,8%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 91,5%
Waterplane Area: 6 685 Square feet or 621 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 256%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 108 lbs/sq ft or 528 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,74
- Longitudinal: 4,82
- Overall: 1,93
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
1 seaplane
Thor (1937)
Odin (1938)
Valkyrien (1939)
Aegir (1940)
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