Propozycja pancernika dla Chin

Po przegranej wojnie z Japonią, Chiny pragnęły odbudowy swoich sił morskich. W odpowiedzi, już  pod koniec 1895 r. swoją ofertę budowy okrętów przedstawili Niemcy, a konkretnie stocznia AG Vulcan ze Szczecina. Ich projekt przewidywał okręt o wyporności 7050 ton, prędkości 20 w., pb 190, pag 150 i uzbrojeniu 2x240 i 10x150, a więc w sumie nieduży krążownik pancerny. Nie wzbudził on entuzjazmu, gdyż Chińczycy oczekiwali czegoś silniejszego i lepiej opancerzonego. W związku z tym powstał projekt poprawiony, wg którego okręt, teraz już bliższy małemu pancernikowi, miał mieć 7600 ton wyporności, nieść 2 działa 280 mm i 10 – 150 mm, pb 250, pag 200 oraz rozwijać 18,5 w.
Poniżej moja wizualizacja i symulacja tego projektu.

Dingyuan, chinese light battleship laid down 1896 (Engine 1897)

Displacement:
    6 573 t light; 6 884 t standard; 7 600 t normal; 8 174 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    358,37 ft / 358,37 ft x 60,99 ft x 21,85 ft (normal load)
    109,23 m / 109,23 m x 18,59 m  x 6,66 m

Armament:
      2 - 11,02" / 280 mm guns in single mounts, 669,80lbs / 303,82kg shells, 1890 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      6 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1897 Model
      Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      4 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1897 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, evenly spread
      2 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      6 - 4,13" / 105 mm guns in single mounts, 35,32lbs / 16,02kg shells, 1891 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      10 - 1,97" / 50,0 mm guns in single mounts, 3,81lbs / 1,73kg shells, 1892 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
    Weight of broadside 2 619 lbs / 1 188 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 100
    4 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    9,84" / 250 mm    168,54 ft / 51,37 m    7,51 ft / 2,29 m
    Ends:    5,51" / 140 mm      60,83 ft / 18,54 m    7,51 ft / 2,29 m
      129,00 ft / 39,32 m Unarmoured ends
      Main Belt covers 72% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    7,87" / 200 mm    5,91" / 150 mm        7,87" / 200 mm
    2nd:    3,94" / 100 mm    1,97" / 50 mm        3,94" / 100 mm
    3rd:    3,94" / 100 mm          -                  -
    4th:    1,18" / 30 mm    0,79" / 20 mm              -
    5th:    1,18" / 30 mm    0,79" / 20 mm              -

   - Armour deck: 1,97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 5,91" / 150 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 10 627 ihp / 7 928 Kw = 18,50 kts
    Range 5 900nm at 10,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 290 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    406 - 529

Cost:
    £0,749 million / $2,996 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 327 tons, 4,3%
    Armour: 1 872 tons, 24,6%
       - Belts: 692 tons, 9,1%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 572 tons, 7,5%
       - Armour Deck: 559 tons, 7,4%
       - Conning Tower: 49 tons, 0,6%
    Machinery: 1 742 tons, 22,9%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 631 tons, 34,6%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 028 tons, 13,5%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      6 365 lbs / 2 887 Kg = 9,5 x 11,0 " / 280 mm shells or 1,1 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,19
    Metacentric height 3,3 ft / 1,0 m
    Roll period: 14,1 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 85 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,64
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,69

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has rise forward of midbreak
    Block coefficient: 0,557
    Length to Beam Ratio: 5,88 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 18,93 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -25,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        19,95 ft / 6,08 m
       - Forecastle (21%):    19,46 ft / 5,93 m
       - Mid (69%):        18,96 ft / 5,78 m (11,45 ft / 3,49 m aft of break)
       - Quarterdeck (17%):    11,45 ft / 3,49 m
       - Stern:        11,45 ft / 3,49 m
       - Average freeboard:    16,93 ft / 5,16 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114,2%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 126,2%
    Waterplane Area: 15 354 Square feet or 1 426 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 111 lbs/sq ft or 543 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,89
        - Longitudinal: 2,63
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Dingyuan (1897)
Zhenyuan (1898)