Roanoke, United States large monitor laid down 1891 (Engine 1893)
Displacement:
8 821 t light; 9 305 t standard; 9 550 t normal; 9 746 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
334,58 ft / 334,58 ft x 79,59 ft x 18,24 ft (normal load)
101,98 m / 101,98 m x 24,26 m x 5,56 m
Armament:
8 - 12,99" / 330 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 096,51lbs / 497,37kg shells, 1893 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
4 - 2,24" / 57,0 mm guns in single mounts, 5,06lbs / 2,30kg shells, 1883 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 8 792 lbs / 3 988 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 60
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 14,0" / 356 mm 99,41 ft / 30,30 m 4,04 ft / 1,23 m
Ends: 4,02" / 102 mm 143,57 ft / 43,76 m 4,04 ft / 1,23 m
91,60 ft / 27,92 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 46% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 12,0" / 305 mm 7,99" / 203 mm 11,0" / 279 mm
- Armour deck: 2,24" / 57 mm, Conning tower: 10,00" / 254 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 3 619 ihp / 2 700 Kw = 13,00 kts
Range 2 200nm at 8,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 441 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
482 - 627
Cost:
£1,321 million / $5,283 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 1 099 tons, 11,5%
Armour: 2 490 tons, 26,1%
- Belts: 442 tons, 4,6%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 1 075 tons, 11,3%
- Armour Deck: 877 tons, 9,2%
- Conning Tower: 97 tons, 1,0%
Machinery: 635 tons, 6,6%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4 597 tons, 48,1%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 729 tons, 7,6%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
5 912 lbs / 2 682 Kg = 5,4 x 13,0 " / 330 mm shells or 1,5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,18
Metacentric height 4,8 ft / 1,5 m
Roll period: 15,2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 20 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,17
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0,15
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,688
Length to Beam Ratio: 4,20 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18,29 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 39 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 7,51 ft / 2,29 m
- Forecastle (24%): 4,04 ft / 1,23 m
- Mid (50%): 4,04 ft / 1,23 m
- Quarterdeck (27%): 4,04 ft / 1,23 m
- Stern: 2,00 ft / 0,61 m
- Average freeboard: 4,10 ft / 1,25 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 105,0%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 33,7%
Waterplane Area: 21 118 Square feet or 1 962 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 76%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 196 lbs/sq ft or 957 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1,09
- Longitudinal: 1,01
- Overall: 1,03
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform
Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability
