Czas podreperować nieco naszą flotę krążowników:) W tym celu
postanowiłem zmodernizować dość wiekowy już krążownik pancernopokładowy Generał
Dwernicki. Na początku XX w. jest to już jednostka nieodpowiadającą wymogom
współczesnego pola walki, głównie przez przestarzałą artylerię (w dodatku, jak
na standardy XX w. – o zbyt dużym jak na wielkość okrętu kalibrze) i niebyt
dużą szybkość. Te wady okrętu wytyczają kierunek jego modernizacji: artyleria
została w ramach modernizacji ujednolicona, i tworzy ją teraz 8 nowoczesnych,
szybkostrzelnych dział kal. 152 mm,
a uzupełniają - 4 działa kal. 75
mm. Ponadto, modernizacji uległ napęd, nowe maszyny
pozwalają osiągnąć zupełnie przyzwoitą prędkość 20 w. Na przebudowie zyskał też
wygląd okrętu – podwyższona nadbudówka dziobowa spowodowała, przynajmniej w
moim odczuciu, że okręt ma dynamiczniejszą i bardziej rasową sylwetkę. W nowym
kształcie jednostka wydaje się być znowu pełnowartościowym okrętem bojowym i
zakładam że przez ładnych parę lat jeszcze posłuży, a może nawet dotrwa do
wybuchu wojny w 1914 r.?
Generał Dwernicki, polish protected cruiser laid down 1887 (Engine 1904)
Displacement:
3 052 t light; 3 194 t standard; 3 584 t normal; 3 896 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
287,30 ft / 285,30 ft x 42,81 ft x 18,18 ft (normal load)
87,57 m / 86,96 m x 13,05 m x 5,54 m
Armament:
2 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread
6 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
4 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns in single mounts, 12,87lbs / 5,84kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side ends, evenly spread
4 - 2,24" / 57,0 mm guns in single mounts, 5,23lbs / 2,37kg shells, 1885 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 930 lbs / 422 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
3 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2,99" / 76 mm 1,85" / 47 mm 2,99" / 76 mm
2nd: 2,99" / 76 mm 1,85" / 47 mm -
- Armour deck: 1,77" / 45 mm, Conning tower: 5,00" / 127 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 10 256 ihp / 7 651 Kw = 20,20 kts
Range 5 500nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 702 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
231 - 301
Cost:
£0,404 million / $1,618 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 116 tons, 3,2%
Armour: 397 tons, 11,1%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 88 tons, 2,5%
- Armour Deck: 283 tons, 7,9%
- Conning Tower: 25 tons, 0,7%
Machinery: 1 428 tons, 39,9%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 110 tons, 31,0%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 533 tons, 14,9%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1 190 lbs / 540 Kg = 11,6 x 6,0 " / 152 mm shells or 0,4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,37
Metacentric height 2,4 ft / 0,7 m
Roll period: 11,5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 43 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,33
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0,75
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,565
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,66 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16,89 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2,00 ft / 0,61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 11,09 ft / 3,38 m
- Forecastle (15%): 10,01 ft / 3,05 m
- Mid (50%): 9,61 ft / 2,93 m
- Quarterdeck (14%): 10,53 ft / 3,21 m
- Stern: 10,60 ft / 3,23 m
- Average freeboard: 10,10 ft / 3,08 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 168,4%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 70,9%
Waterplane Area: 8 646 Square feet or 803 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 83%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 83 lbs/sq ft or 403 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,93
- Longitudinal: 1,90
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather
Displacement:
3 052 t light; 3 194 t standard; 3 584 t normal; 3 896 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
287,30 ft / 285,30 ft x 42,81 ft x 18,18 ft (normal load)
87,57 m / 86,96 m x 13,05 m x 5,54 m
Armament:
2 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on centreline ends, evenly spread
6 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
4 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns in single mounts, 12,87lbs / 5,84kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side ends, evenly spread
4 - 2,24" / 57,0 mm guns in single mounts, 5,23lbs / 2,37kg shells, 1885 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
Weight of broadside 930 lbs / 422 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
3 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 2,99" / 76 mm 1,85" / 47 mm 2,99" / 76 mm
2nd: 2,99" / 76 mm 1,85" / 47 mm -
- Armour deck: 1,77" / 45 mm, Conning tower: 5,00" / 127 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 10 256 ihp / 7 651 Kw = 20,20 kts
Range 5 500nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 702 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
231 - 301
Cost:
£0,404 million / $1,618 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 116 tons, 3,2%
Armour: 397 tons, 11,1%
- Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 88 tons, 2,5%
- Armour Deck: 283 tons, 7,9%
- Conning Tower: 25 tons, 0,7%
Machinery: 1 428 tons, 39,9%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 110 tons, 31,0%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 533 tons, 14,9%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
1 190 lbs / 540 Kg = 11,6 x 6,0 " / 152 mm shells or 0,4 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,37
Metacentric height 2,4 ft / 0,7 m
Roll period: 11,5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 43 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,33
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 0,75
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,565
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,66 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 16,89 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 2,00 ft / 0,61 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 11,09 ft / 3,38 m
- Forecastle (15%): 10,01 ft / 3,05 m
- Mid (50%): 9,61 ft / 2,93 m
- Quarterdeck (14%): 10,53 ft / 3,21 m
- Stern: 10,60 ft / 3,23 m
- Average freeboard: 10,10 ft / 3,08 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 168,4%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 70,9%
Waterplane Area: 8 646 Square feet or 803 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 83%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 83 lbs/sq ft or 403 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,93
- Longitudinal: 1,90
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather