Pancernik dla Argentyny

Na początku XX w, gdy Argentyńczycy przymierzali się do pozyskania nowych pancerników, koncern Vickersa przedstawił im całe multum różnych projektów, przedstawiających niemal każdy możliwy wariant – od drednotów, przez semidrednoty, po okręty które tak naprawdę ciężko sklasyfikować (bo czymże jest np. okręt uzbrojony w 8x305 i 8x254, albo w 6x343 i 6x305?). Sądzę, że zestaw jaki został przez Vickersa zaprezentowany da mi pożywkę na dość długi czas, na razie natomiast do prezentacji wybrał jeden z bardziej oryginalnych wariantów – projekt 191 z 1906 r. Okręt o wyporności 12000 ton i ogólnej sylwetce przypominającej Lorda Nelsona, uzbrojony w 2x305, 4x254 (hipotetyczny model L/50 Vickers Mk C), 8x190, 24x76, dość lekko opancerzony (pb 203, pp 25) i rozwijający 20 w. Dość ekstrawagancka charakterystyka, trzeba przyznać…;) 

Sarmiento, argentinian battleship laid down 1907 (Engine 1908)

Displacement:
    10 949 t light; 11 470 t standard; 12 173 t normal; 12 735 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    408,66 ft / 407,68 ft x 73,98 ft x 23,98 ft (normal load)
    124,56 m / 124,26 m x 22,55 m  x 7,31 m

Armament:
      2 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns in single mounts, 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1907 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      4 - 10,00" / 254 mm guns (2x2 guns), 500,00lbs / 226,80kg shells, 1907 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 7,48" / 190 mm guns (4x2 guns), 209,28lbs / 94,93kg shells, 1907 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      6 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1907 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      18 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1907 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
    Weight of broadside 5 727 lbs / 2 598 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 80
    2 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    7,99" / 203 mm    231,17 ft / 70,46 m    8,33 ft / 2,54 m
    Ends:    5,00" / 127 mm    110,83 ft / 33,78 m    8,33 ft / 2,54 m
      65,68 ft / 20,02 m Unarmoured ends
    Upper:    5,98" / 152 mm    197,34 ft / 60,15 m    6,50 ft / 1,98 m
      Main Belt covers 87% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        0,71" / 18 mm    231,17 ft / 70,46 m    21,72 ft / 6,62 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    10,0" / 254 mm    7,99" / 203 mm        10,0" / 254 mm
    2nd:    7,99" / 203 mm    5,98" / 152 mm        7,99" / 203 mm
    3rd:    7,99" / 203 mm    5,98" / 152 mm        7,99" / 203 mm
    4th:    2,99" / 76 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 0,98" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 10,00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 18 854 ihp / 14 065 Kw = 20,00 kts
    Range 5 000nm at 10,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 265 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    579 - 753

Cost:
    £1,225 million / $4,898 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 716 tons, 5,9%
    Armour: 3 607 tons, 29,6%
       - Belts: 1 252 tons, 10,3%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 132 tons, 1,1%
       - Armament: 1 712 tons, 14,1%
       - Armour Deck: 398 tons, 3,3%
       - Conning Tower: 114 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 1 714 tons, 14,1%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 4 912 tons, 40,3%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 224 tons, 10,1%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      12 609 lbs / 5 719 Kg = 14,6 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 2,2 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,01
    Metacentric height 3,3 ft / 1,0 m
    Roll period: 17,2 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,75
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,21

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,589
    Length to Beam Ratio: 5,51 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 20,19 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -9,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,98 ft / 0,30 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        21,95 ft / 6,69 m
       - Forecastle (24%):    18,96 ft / 5,78 m
       - Mid (50%):        16,96 ft / 5,17 m
       - Quarterdeck (24%):    16,96 ft / 5,17 m
       - Stern:        17,45 ft / 5,32 m
       - Average freeboard:    18,05 ft / 5,50 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 125,7%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 125,4%
    Waterplane Area: 21 834 Square feet or 2 028 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 155 lbs/sq ft or 757 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,91
        - Longitudinal: 2,23
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily