wtorek, 17 września 2013

Flota polska w XIX w. - szybkie awizo bocznokołowe



Tym razem krótko, z powodu deficytu czasu:-( Dziś prezentuję szybkie awizo bocznokołowe, inspirowane włoskimi jednostkami typu Esploratore. Na początku lat 60-tych była by to najszybsza jednostka na Bałtyku i jedna z najszybszych na świecie. Nazwa wydaje się być adekwatna do charakterystyki jednostki;-)

Szkwał, polish despatch vessel laid down 1861 (Engine 1862)

Displacement:
    829 t light; 856 t standard; 1 058 t normal; 1 219 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    249,68 ft / 229,59 ft x 27,07 ft x 11,68 ft (normal load)
    76,10 m / 69,98 m x 8,25 m  x 3,56 m

Armament:
      2 - 60pdr guns in single mounts, 60lbs / 27,22kg shells, 1861 Model
      Smoothbore guns in deck mounts
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
    Weight of broadside 120 lbs / 54 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 200

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 2 paddle wheels, 2 536 ihp / 1 892 Kw = 16,00 kts
    Range 1 850nm at 9,50 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 363 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    120

Cost:
    £0,111 million / $0,446 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 7 tons, 0,6%
    Machinery: 549 tons, 51,9%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 248 tons, 23,4%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 229 tons, 21,6%
    Miscellaneous weights: 25 tons, 2,4%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      137 lbs / 62 Kg = 5,2 x 4,5 " / 115 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,71
    Metacentric height 1,7 ft / 0,5 m
    Roll period: 8,7 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,07
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,510
    Length to Beam Ratio: 8,48 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 15,15 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 34,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 9,97 ft / 3,04 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        14,99 ft / 4,57 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    10,47 ft / 3,19 m
       - Mid (50%):        9,48 ft / 2,89 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    10,01 ft / 3,05 m
       - Stern:        11,45 ft / 3,49 m
       - Average freeboard:    10,47 ft / 3,19 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 175,2%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 85,2%
    Waterplane Area: 4 179 Square feet or 388 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 66%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 32 lbs/sq ft or 155 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,46
        - Longitudinal: 1,31
        - Overall: 0,51
    Caution: Hull subject to strain in open-sea
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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