Czwarta para pancerników dla japońskiej MW

Dziś dwa kolejne pancerniki dla floty japońskiej, oparte o francuski projekt, kończące ten mini-cykl japoński. Tym razem podstawą jest jeden z wstępnych projektów pancernika Charles Martel z 1890 r., autorstwa inż. Ernesta Huina (autora Hoche’a, co jak mniemam, jest wyczuwalne w sylwetce;)) Jest to już jednak okręt kolejnej generacji, z opancerzeniem ze stali niklowej oraz – przede wszystkim – z długolufowymi działami na proch bezdymny. Okręt ma wyporność 11600 ton, rozwija 17 w. i jest uzbrojony 2 działa 305 mm L/45 i 2 – 274 mm L/45, 8 szybkostrzelnych kal. 138 m (wszystkie w wieżach), a do tego lekkie działka przeciw torpedowcom.
W ten oto sposób, u progu wojny z Chinami, flota japońska dysponowałaby niebagatelną siłą aż 8 nowoczesnych pancerników. Może więc trzeba by jeszcze pomyśleć o uzupełnieniu ich odpowiednimi siłami krążowniczymi? Realnie, Japończycy mieli w latach 80-tych tylko 2 okręty typu Naniwa (nieszczęsnego Unebi trudno liczyć), więc jest tu pole do zagospodarowania ;)

Harima, japanese battleship laid down 1891 (Engine 1892)

Displacement:
    10 520 t light; 10 930 t standard; 11 602 t normal; 12 139 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    389,70 ft / 389,21 ft x 67,78 ft x 25,95 ft (normal load)
    118,78 m / 118,63 m x 20,66 m  x 7,91 m

Armament:
      2 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns in single mounts, 826,75lbs / 375,01kg shells, 1887 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      2 - 10,79" / 274 mm guns in single mounts, 599,41lbs / 271,89kg shells, 1887 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      8 - 5,43" / 138 mm guns in single mounts, 77,78lbs / 35,28kg shells, 1888 Model
      Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, evenly spread
      8 - 1,85" / 47,0 mm guns in single mounts, 2,93lbs / 1,33kg shells, 1885 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts 
      on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      12 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,43lbs / 0,65kg shells, 1885 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts 
      on centreline ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
    Weight of broadside 3 515 lbs / 1 594 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 85
    4 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    15,7" / 400 mm    170,54 ft / 51,98 m    8,33 ft / 2,54 m
    Ends:    9,84" / 250 mm    218,37 ft / 66,56 m    8,33 ft / 2,54 m
      Main Belt covers 67% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    15,0" / 380 mm    7,87" / 200 mm        15,0" / 380 mm
    2nd:    11,8" / 300 mm    5,91" / 150 mm        11,8" / 300 mm
    3rd:    3,94" / 100 mm    1,97" / 50 mm        3,94" / 100 mm

   - Armour deck: 2,09" / 53 mm (2,76" / 70 mm over citadel, 1,57" / 40 mm over ends), Conning tower: 9,84" / 250 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines, 
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 9 809 ihp / 7 318 Kw = 17,00 kts
    Range 4 800nm at 9,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 209 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    558 - 726

Cost:
    £0,983 million / $3,930 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 439 tons, 3,8%
    Armour: 4 024 tons, 34,7%
       - Belts: 1 769 tons, 15,2%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 1 406 tons, 12,1%
       - Armour Deck: 740 tons, 6,4%
       - Conning Tower: 109 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 1 752 tons, 15,1%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 4 305 tons, 37,1%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 082 tons, 9,3%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      15 467 lbs / 7 016 Kg = 17,9 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 2,2 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03
    Metacentric height 2,9 ft / 0,9 m
    Roll period: 16,6 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 85 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,89
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,89

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has rise forward of midbreak, low quarterdeck 
    Block coefficient: 0,593
    Length to Beam Ratio: 5,74 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 19,73 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -33,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,49 ft / 0,15 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        23,43 ft / 7,14 m
       - Forecastle (22%):    23,43 ft / 7,14 m
       - Mid (68%):        23,43 ft / 7,14 m (16,96 ft / 5,17 m aft of break)
       - Quarterdeck (23%):    10,43 ft / 3,18 m (16,96 ft / 5,17 m before break)
       - Stern:        10,43 ft / 3,18 m
       - Average freeboard:    19,85 ft / 6,05 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 77,7%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 135,4%
    Waterplane Area: 19 171 Square feet or 1 781 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 105%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 143 lbs/sq ft or 698 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,89
        - Longitudinal: 2,80
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

Harima (1892)
Iwashiro (1893)