Nowe okręty rzeczne

Czas na uzupełnienia dla flotylli rzecznych na Wiśle i Niemnie, które – jak widać po przebiegu linii frontu - aktywnie biorą udział w walkach i wspierają działania własnych wojsk lądowych.

Nowe jednostki należą do dwóch klas – są to małe kanonierki rzeczne i kutry uzbrojone. Kanonierki są stosunkowo małymi jednostkami o wyporności 30 ton, ale mają sporą siłę ognia, bowiem noszą pojedynczą haubicę kal. 100 mm w stanowisku chronionym kolistą pancerną osłoną. Kadłub chroniony jest 20 mm pancerzem, który powinien zapewnić osłonę przed ogniem broni strzeleckiej. Okręty są napędzane silnikami diesla i mają relatywnie małe wymiary i nieduże zanurzenie wynoszące ok 0,5 m, co pozwoli im na znaczną swobodę w operowaniu na naszych krajowych, niezbyt rozległych i głębokich rzekach.

Z kolei kutry uzbrojone są mikroskopijnymi jednostkami o wyporności rzędu 5 ton, noszącymi pojedynczy km w stanowisku o konstrukcji podobnej jak opisane wyżej w przypadku kanonierek. Na uwagę zasługuje fakt, iż mimo  tak mizernych rozmiarów, udało się te okręciki lekko opancerzyć, dzięki czemu są jako tako zabezpieczone przynajmniej przed odłamkami.

Czujna, polish river gunboat laid down 1915

Displacement:
    28 t light; 29 t standard; 30 t normal; 31 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    59,61 ft / 59,12 ft x 15,91 ft x 1,67 ft (normal load)
    18,17 m / 18,02 m x 4,85 m  x 0,51 m

Armament:
      1 - 3,94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 30,51lbs / 13,84kg shells, 1900 Model
      Howitzers in a deck mount with hoist
      on centreline forward
      1 - 1,46" / 37,0 mm guns in single mounts, 1,55lbs / 0,70kg shells, 1914 Model
      Quick firing gun in deck mount
      on centreline aft
    Weight of broadside 31 lbs / 14 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 120

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    0,79" / 20 mm      30,81 ft / 9,39 m    2,99 ft / 0,91 m
    Ends:    Unarmoured
      Main Belt covers 80% of normal length

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    0,59" / 15 mm    0,59" / 15 mm              -
    2nd:    0,39" / 10 mm          -                  -

Machinery:
    Diesel Internal combustion motors,
    Hydraulic drive, 1 shaft, 50 shp / 37 Kw = 9,00 kts
    Range 450nm at 7,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 tons

Complement:
    12

Cost:
    £0,004 million / $0,016 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 2 tons, 6,0%
    Armour: 5 tons, 17,4%
       - Belts: 4 tons, 12,4%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 2 tons, 5,1%
       - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
    Machinery: 2 tons, 6,3%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 19 tons, 62,6%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 tons, 7,7%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      82 lbs / 37 Kg = 6,4 x 3,0 " / 75 mm shells or 0,3 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,51
    Metacentric height 0,6 ft / 0,2 m
    Roll period: 8,3 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 31 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,11
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,38

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,667
    Length to Beam Ratio: 3,72 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 7,69 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 56 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,49 ft / 0,15 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        2,99 ft / 0,91 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    2,99 ft / 0,91 m
       - Mid (50%):        2,99 ft / 0,91 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    2,49 ft / 0,76 m
       - Stern:        2,00 ft / 0,61 m
       - Average freeboard:    2,79 ft / 0,85 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 66,6%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 65,5%
    Waterplane Area: 724 Square feet or 67 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 128%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 23 lbs/sq ft or 111 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,91
        - Longitudinal: 2,73
        - Overall: 1,02
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
    Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Czujna (1915)
Odważna (1915)
Bystra (1915)
Grożna (1915)
Wytrwała (1916)
Szybka (1916)
Gniewna (1916)
Sroga (1916)

 

RKU-8, polish river cutter laid down 1916

Displacement:
    5 t light; 5 t standard; 5 t normal; 6 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    31,39 ft / 30,91 ft x 8,04 ft x 1,48 ft (normal load)
    9,57 m / 9,42 m x 2,45 m  x 0,45 m

Armament:
      1 - 0,30" / 7,6 mm guns in single mounts, 0,01lbs / 0,00kg shells, 1908 Model
      Breech loading gun in a deck mount with hoist
      on centreline forward
    Weight of broadside 0 lbs / 0 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 3 000

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    0,39" / 10 mm      21,95 ft / 6,69 m    1,51 ft / 0,46 m
    Ends:    Unarmoured
      Main Belt covers 109% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

Machinery:
    Petrol Internal combustion motors,
    Direct drive, 1 shaft, 75 shp / 56 Kw = 12,00 kts
    Range 400nm at 8,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 tons

Complement:
    3

Cost:
    £0,001 million / $0,003 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 0 tons, 0,0%
    Armour: 1 tons, 11,7%
       - Belts: 1 tons, 10,7%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 0 tons, 1,0%
       - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
    Machinery: 2 tons, 45,6%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 tons, 35,0%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 0 tons, 7,7%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      4 lbs / 2 Kg = 303,6 x 0,3 " / 8 mm shells or 0,0 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,74
    Metacentric height 0,3 ft / 0,1 m
    Roll period: 6,4 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 8 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,02

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,517
    Length to Beam Ratio: 3,84 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 5,56 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 83 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 13,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        2,10 ft / 0,64 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    2,00 ft / 0,61 m
       - Mid (50%):        1,51 ft / 0,46 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    2,00 ft / 0,61 m
       - Stern:        2,00 ft / 0,61 m
       - Average freeboard:    1,85 ft / 0,56 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 148,2%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 54,2%
    Waterplane Area: 162 Square feet or 15 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 87%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 9 lbs/sq ft or 43 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,90
        - Longitudinal: 3,34
        - Overall: 1,02
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
    Ship has quick, lively roll, not a steady gun platform
    Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

RKU-8 (1916)
RKU-9 (1916)
RKU-10 (1916)
RKU-11 (1916)
RKU-12 (1916)
RKU-13 (1916)
RKU-14 (1916)
RKU-15 (1917)
RKU-16 (1917)
RKU-17 (1917)
RKU-18 (1917)
RKU-19 (1917)
RKU-20 (1917)