Monitor dla Ekwadoru

Dziś łyk egzotyki z XIX w. – a konkretnie 2 monitory dla Ekwadoru, przeznaczone do działania na wodach zatoki Guayaquil, tworzącej akwen o dość urozmaiconej linii brzegowej, usiany dodatkowo licznymi wyspami, co tworzy całkiem dogodne warunki do defensywnych działań takich niewielkich okrętów artyleryjskich. Wody zatoki stanowią podejście do największego miasta i portu morskiego w kraju, zatem wzmocnienie obrony w tym rejonie, u schyłku XIX w. nader mizernej,  jest jak najbardziej zasadne. Oczywiście, jako kraj mały i biedny, Ekwador nie mógłby pozwolić sobie na jakieś bardziej imponujące jednostki (realnie, największymi jego okrętami w tym czasie były 2 parowo-żaglowe, 877-tonowe awiza Papin i Inconstant z 1886 r.). Za realne uznałem zbudowanie 2 monitorów liczących sobie 2300 ton, i uzbrojonych w 2 działa kal. 254 mm w pojedynczej wieży, z opancerzeniem grubości 240 mm obliczonym na zabezpieczenie witaliów przed ogniem wrogich krążowników, oraz prędkością 12,5 w.

Quito, ecuadorian monitor laid down 1895 (Engine 1897)

Displacement:
    2 167 t light; 2 274 t standard; 2 338 t normal; 2 389 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    244,78 ft / 244,78 ft x 45,67 ft x 12,73 ft (normal load)
    74,61 m / 74,61 m x 13,92 m  x 3,88 m

Armament:
      2 - 10,00" / 254 mm guns (1x2 guns), 500,00lbs / 226,80kg shells, 1891 Model
      Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
      on centreline forward
      1 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1892 Model
      Quick firing gun in a deck mount with hoist
      on centreline aft
      4 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns in single mounts, 12,87lbs / 5,84kg shells, 1892 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      1 - 2,95" / 75,0 mm guns in single mounts, 12,87lbs / 5,84kg shells, 1892 Model
      Quick firing gun in deck mount
      on centreline aft, 1 raised gun
    Weight of broadside 1 172 lbs / 531 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    9,45" / 240 mm    104,27 ft / 31,78 m    8,76 ft / 2,67 m
    Ends:    Unarmoured
      Main Belt covers 66% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    9,84" / 250 mm    7,87" / 200 mm        9,84" / 250 mm
    2nd:    1,97" / 50 mm    1,57" / 40 mm              -

   - Armour deck: 1,97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 9,84" / 250 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 1 shaft, 1 330 ihp / 992 Kw = 12,50 kts
    Range 1 500nm at 8,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 115 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    167 - 218

Cost:
    £0,228 million / $0,912 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 146 tons, 6,3%
    Armour: 938 tons, 40,1%
       - Belts: 436 tons, 18,7%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 182 tons, 7,8%
       - Armour Deck: 283 tons, 12,1%
       - Conning Tower: 37 tons, 1,6%
    Machinery: 208 tons, 8,9%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 874 tons, 37,4%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 171 tons, 7,3%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      2 364 lbs / 1 072 Kg = 4,7 x 10,0 " / 254 mm shells or 1,1 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,24
    Metacentric height 2,3 ft / 0,7 m
    Roll period: 12,7 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 37 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,17
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,54

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,575
    Length to Beam Ratio: 5,36 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 15,65 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 39 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -7,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        7,51 ft / 2,29 m
       - Forecastle (27%):    4,00 ft / 1,22 m
       - Mid (50%):        4,00 ft / 1,22 m
       - Quarterdeck (10%):    4,00 ft / 1,22 m
       - Stern:        4,00 ft / 1,22 m
       - Average freeboard:    4,38 ft / 1,33 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 76,0%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 35,5%
    Waterplane Area: 7 780 Square feet or 723 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 92%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 90 lbs/sq ft or 441 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,98
        - Longitudinal: 1,26
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
    Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability

Quito (1897)
Guayaquil (1898)