Po wojnie z lat 1894-95 z Japonią, chińska flota została
praktycznie unicestwiona, tracąc niemal wszystkie swoje wartościowe jednostki.
Wobec powyższego koniecznym było jej pilne wzmocnienie. Wobec mizerii
finansowej raczej trudno się spodziewać, żeby Chiny mogły sobie wówczas
pozwolić na budowę pancerników z prawdziwego zdarzenia, w jakie zbroiła się
właśnie Japonia, ale na kilka nowoczesnych krążowników pancernych może by ich
było stać. Założyłem, że – kontynuując wcześniejsze tradycje – zamówili by je w
stoczniach niemieckich, i być może byłby to wariant krążowników typu Victoria
Louise, budowanych ówcześnie dla floty niemieckiej. Poniższy okręt to właśnie
pochodna ww. typu, z dodanym m.in. opancerzeniem bocznym i silniejszą
artylerią.
Okręty w typie:
Chi Yuan
(1898)
King Yuan
(1899)
Lai Yuan
(1900)
Displacement:
6 459 t light; 6 749 t standard; 7 400 t normal; 7 921 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
380,55 ft / 379,69 ft x 59,81 ft x 22,83 ft (normal load)
115,99 m / 115,73 m x 18,23 m x 6,96 m
Armament:
2 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 421,80lbs / 191,32kg shells, 1897 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
8 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1897 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
12 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 20,79lbs / 9,43kg shells, 1897 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 1 917 lbs / 870 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 120
5 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 7,09" / 180 mm 171,69 ft / 52,33 m 10,63 ft / 3,24 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 70% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead:
1,18" / 30 mm 234,48 ft / 71,47 m 21,19 ft / 6,46 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 6,30" / 160 mm 3,94" / 100 mm 6,30" / 160 mm
2nd: 3,94" / 100 mm - -
3rd: 1,97" / 50 mm - -
- Armour deck: 1,77" / 45 mm, Conning tower: 7,09" / 180 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 3 shafts, 13 494 ihp / 10 066 Kw = 20,00 kts
Range 5 500nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1 173 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
398 - 518
Cost:
£0,732 million / $2,928 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 240 tons, 3,2%
Armour: 1 721 tons, 23,3%
- Belts: 616 tons, 8,3%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 217 tons, 2,9%
- Armament: 333 tons, 4,5%
- Armour Deck: 496 tons, 6,7%
- Conning Tower: 58 tons, 0,8%
Machinery: 2 176 tons, 29,4%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 322 tons, 31,4%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 941 tons, 12,7%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4 912 lbs / 2 228 Kg = 11,6 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 1,0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,44
Metacentric height 4,4 ft / 1,3 m
Roll period: 12,0 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 77 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,27
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,91
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle
Block coefficient: 0,499
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,35 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19,49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 2,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 24,51 ft / 7,47 m
- Forecastle (33%): 24,02 ft / 7,32 m (14,99 ft / 4,57 m aft of break)
- Mid (50%): 14,99 ft / 4,57 m
- Quarterdeck (15%): 14,99 ft / 4,57 m
- Stern: 14,99 ft / 4,57 m
- Average freeboard: 18,04 ft / 5,50 m
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 195,7%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 108,5%
Waterplane Area: 15 123 Square feet or 1 405 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 93%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 95 lbs/sq ft or 463 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,90
- Longitudinal: 2,60
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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