W
trakcie wojny z USA flota hiszpańska poniosła ciężkie straty, zwłaszcza
w klasie krążowników pancernych – w samej tylko bitwie pod Santiago de
Cuba zatonęły aż cztery z nich: Cristobal Colon, Almirante Oquendo,
Vizcaya i Infanta Maria Teresa. Tym samym, Marynarka Wojenna Hiszpanii
została praktycznie pozbawiona okrętów tej klasy. Kilka jednostek było
co prawda w budowie, w tym trzy krążowniki pancerne typu Princesa de
Asturias, ale wobec panującej mizerii finansowej ich budowa wlokła się
niemiłosiernie, a ponadto były to już na przełomie wieków jednostki
koncepcyjnie przestarzałe,dysponując jedynie dwoma ciężkimi działami
każdy (2x240) i ledwie 20 w. prędkością. Stąd
moja propozycja– stosunkowo niedużego (koszty!) krążownika pancernego
uzbrojonego w 6 dział203 mm, dysponującego przyzwoitą prędkością – czyli
takiego „mini Bluchera”;-) Sądzę,że byłby to użyteczniejsza jednostka
niż wspomniane krążowniki typu Princesa deAsturias..
Okręty w typie: Marques Ensenada, Alfonso XIII, Cristobal Colon.
Displacement:
7 173 t light; 7 472 t standard; 7 944 t normal; 8 322 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
405,05 ft / 405,05 ft x 63,45 ft x 20,37 ft (normal load)
123,46 m / 123,46 m x 19,34 m x 6,21 m
Armament:
2 - 7,99" / 203 mm guns in single mounts, 255,24lbs / 115,77kg shells, 1901 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
4 - 7,99" / 203 mm guns in single mounts, 255,24lbs / 115,77kg shells, 1901 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on side, all amidships
8 - 5,51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83,72lbs / 37,97kg shells, 1901 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
8 - 2,24" / 57,0 mm guns in single mounts, 5,65lbs / 2,56kg shells, 1901 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts
on side, all amidships
Weight of broadside 2 246 lbs / 1 019 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 100
2 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 5,00" / 127 mm 200,00 ft / 60,96 m 6,66 ft / 2,03 m
Ends: 2,99" / 76 mm 92,68 ft / 28,25 m 6,66 ft / 2,03 m
112,37 ft / 34,25 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 76% of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 7,48" / 190 mm 4,49" / 114 mm 7,48" / 190 mm
2nd: 7,48" / 190 mm 4,49" / 114 mm 7,48" / 190 mm
3rd: 5,00" / 127 mm - -
- Armour deck: 1,65" / 42 mm, Conning tower: 6,50" / 165 mm
Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 18 574 ihp / 13 856 Kw = 21,50 kts
Range 4 000nm at 10,00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 851 tons (100% coal)
Complement:
419 - 546
Cost:
Ł0,875 million / $3,500 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 281 tons, 3,5%
Armour: 1 594 tons, 20,1%
- Belts: 379 tons, 4,8%
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
- Armament: 620 tons, 7,8%
- Armour Deck: 539 tons, 6,8%
- Conning Tower: 56 tons, 0,7%
Machinery: 2 772 tons, 34,9%
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 526 tons, 31,8%
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 771 tons, 9,7%
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
4 225 lbs / 1 916 Kg = 16,6 x 8,0 " / 203 mm shells or 0,9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,41
Metacentric height 4,6 ft / 1,4 m
Roll period: 12,4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,24
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1,19
Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0,531
Length to Beam Ratio: 6,38 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20,13 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -5,00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16,83 ft / 5,13 m
- Forecastle (17%): 13,39 ft / 4,08 m
- Mid (50%): 13,39 ft / 4,08 m
- Quarterdeck (17%): 13,39 ft / 4,08 m
- Stern: 14,01 ft / 4,27 m
- Average freeboard: 13,67 ft / 4,17 m
Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 143,5%
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 107,2%
Waterplane Area: 17 621 Square feet or 1 637 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 85%
Structure weight / hull surface area: 100 lbs/sq ft or 490 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0,95
- Longitudinal: 1,53
- Overall: 1,00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
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