Drednot Almirante Brown - 29.12.2011

Na forum Warship Projects Discussion Boards trafiłem ostatnio na rysunek niezrealizowanego projektu pancernika dla Argentyny, przedstawionego przez stocznię Ansaldo w 1908 r. Rysunek też prezentuję poniżej. Oprócz tego, iż okręt miał mieć 20.000 ton wyporności, prędkość 22 w. i uzbrojenie 15 dział 305 mm w 5wieżach, brak jest bliższych szczegółów. Postanowiłem więc wziąć ten projekt na warsztat by zobaczyć czy coś takiego w ogóle ma sens i jest możliwe do wykonania. Zgodnie z tym czego oczekiwałem – wyniki nie są specjalnie imponujące – zakładana przy takiej wyporności (i tak musiałem dodać ponad 600 ton) i tak licznym uzbrojeniu opancerzenie wyszło na poziomie krążownika liniowego a prędkość 22 w. i tak pozostaje w sferze marzeń – uzyskany okręt „wyciąga” ledwie 20. Ogólnie rzekłbym że to porażka, choć siłą ognia, zwłaszcza w kontekście swoich rozmiarów, imponuje..   

Almirante Brown, argentinian battleship laid down 1908 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
    18 590 t light; 19 745 t standard; 20 675 t normal; 21 418 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    593,04 ft / 593,04 ft x 82,55 ft x 27,53 ft (normal load)
    180,76 m / 180,76 m x 25,16 m  x 8,39 m

Armament:
      9 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns (3x3 guns), 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1908 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      Main guns limited to end-on fire
      Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      6 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns (2x3 guns), 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1908 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      20 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1908 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, evenly spread
      16 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      4 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1908 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side ends, evenly spread
      2 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      3 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1908 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on centreline, evenly spread
    Weight of broadside 14 134 lbs / 6 411 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 90

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    7,87" / 200 mm    406,56 ft / 123,92 m    12,50 ft / 3,81 m
    Ends:    3,35" / 85 mm    163,68 ft / 49,89 m    10,01 ft / 3,05 m
      22,80 ft / 6,95 m Unarmoured ends
      Main Belt covers 105% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        0,79" / 20 mm    406,56 ft / 123,92 m    18,96 ft / 5,78 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    9,06" / 230 mm    6,69" / 170 mm        9,06" / 230 mm
    2nd:    9,06" / 230 mm    6,69" / 170 mm        9,06" / 230 mm
    3rd:    3,94" / 100 mm          -                  -
    4th:    2,95" / 75 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 1,50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 9,84" / 250 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Direct drive, 4 shafts, 22 555 shp / 16 826 Kw = 20,00 kts
    Range 4 400nm at 10,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 1 673 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    861 - 1 120

Cost:
    £2,293 million / $9,170 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 1 767 tons, 8,5%
    Armour: 5 747 tons, 27,8%
       - Belts: 1 906 tons, 9,2%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 225 tons, 1,1%
       - Armament: 2 522 tons, 12,2%
       - Armour Deck: 934 tons, 4,5%
       - Conning Tower: 160 tons, 0,8%
    Machinery: 1 128 tons, 5,5%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 9 949 tons, 48,1%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 084 tons, 10,1%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      22 799 lbs / 10 342 Kg = 26,3 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 3,5 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,02
    Metacentric height 3,9 ft / 1,2 m
    Roll period: 17,6 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 48 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1,05
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,23

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has raised forecastle
    Block coefficient: 0,537
    Length to Beam Ratio: 7,18 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 24,35 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 37 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 38
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        29,04 ft / 8,85 m
       - Forecastle (16%):    27,53 ft / 8,39 m (16,80 ft / 5,12 m aft of break)
       - Mid (50%):        16,80 ft / 5,12 m
       - Quarterdeck (17%):    16,80 ft / 5,12 m
       - Stern:        18,34 ft / 5,59 m
       - Average freeboard:    18,74 ft / 5,71 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 107,6%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 125,4%
    Waterplane Area: 33 751 Square feet or 3 136 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 93%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 203 lbs/sq ft or 989 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,95
        - Longitudinal: 1,63
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily