środa, 29 sierpnia 2012

POW Bjoergvin - 21.12.2010

Tuż przed pierwszą wojną światową Norwegia postanowiła wzmocnić swoją flotę dwoma nowymi pancernikami obrony wybrzeża. Budowę zlecono w Wielkiej Brytanii, jednakże do odbioru jednostek (o planowanych nazwach Bjoergvin i Nidaros) nigdy nie doszło - na przeszkodzie stanął wybuch wojny i zdecydowanie inne priorytety w budownictwie okrętowym w Wielkiej Brytanii. Nieukończone jednostki zwróciły potem uwagę admiralicji brytyjskiej, która je przejęła i wcieliła do służby po dokonaniu pewnych modyfikacji (artyleria główna, bąble, być może także zdjęcie pancerza) w roli monitorów do ostrzeliwania wybrzeża. W pierwotnej swej postaci okręty te mogły wyglądać tak:
 
źródło: www.the-blueprints.com

Bjoergvin, norwegian coastal battleship laid down 1913 (Engine 1914)

Displacement:
    4 377 t light; 4 639 t standard; 4 896 t normal; 5 101 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    310,04 ft / 308,40 ft x 55,12 ft x 17,72 ft (normal load)
    94,50 m / 94,00 m x 16,80 m  x 5,40 m

Armament:
      2 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 421,80lbs / 191,33kg shells, 1913 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      2 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1913 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      2 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102,98lbs / 46,71kg shells, 1913 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      6 - 3,94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 30,51lbs / 13,84kg shells, 1913 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side, evenly spread
    Weight of broadside 1 439 lbs / 653 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 190
    2 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    7,05" / 179 mm    196,85 ft / 60,00 m    11,25 ft / 3,43 m
    Ends:    4,02" / 102 mm    111,55 ft / 34,00 m    11,25 ft / 3,43 m
    Upper:    5,98" / 152 mm    123,36 ft / 37,60 m    8,33 ft / 2,54 m
      Main Belt covers 98% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        1,46" / 37 mm      94,16 ft / 28,70 m    15,42 ft / 4,70 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    7,99" / 203 mm    5,98" / 152 mm        7,99" / 203 mm
    2nd:    0,98" / 25 mm    0,98" / 25 mm        5,98" / 152 mm
    3rd:    0,98" / 25 mm    0,98" / 25 mm        5,98" / 152 mm

   - Armour deck: 2,01" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 7,99" / 203 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 3 844 ihp / 2 867 Kw = 15,00 kts
    Range 2 700nm at 11,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 463 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    292 - 380

Cost:
    £0,371 million / $1,482 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 180 tons, 3,7%
    Armour: 2 091 tons, 42,7%
       - Belts: 1 196 tons, 24,4%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 78 tons, 1,6%
       - Armament: 319 tons, 6,5%
       - Armour Deck: 449 tons, 9,2%
       - Conning Tower: 50 tons, 1,0%
    Machinery: 253 tons, 5,2%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 1 853 tons, 37,8%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 519 tons, 10,6%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      9 878 lbs / 4 480 Kg = 23,4 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 3,0 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,19
    Metacentric height 2,8 ft / 0,9 m
    Roll period: 13,7 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,33
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,38

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has low forecastle
    Block coefficient: 0,569
    Length to Beam Ratio: 5,60 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 17,56 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 44
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -2,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 1,64 ft / 0,50 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        15,81 ft / 4,82 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    0,00 ft / 0,00 m (11,61 ft / 3,54 m aft of break)
       - Mid (50%):        11,61 ft / 3,54 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    11,61 ft / 3,54 m
       - Stern:        12,76 ft / 3,89 m
       - Average freeboard:    10,64 ft / 3,24 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 77,3%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 91,5%
    Waterplane Area: 12 076 Square feet or 1 122 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 121%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 110 lbs/sq ft or 539 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 1,12
        - Longitudinal: 2,15
        - Overall: 1,20
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
    Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

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