Brytyjski krążownik pancerny z 1901 r. - 8x234 - 17.03.2012

A oto odpowiednik Formidable’a w klasie krążowników pancernych – okręt z 8 działami 234 mm mogącymi strzelać na obie burty, uzupełnionymi przez działa 152 mm w kazamatach. Jest to rozwinięcie poprzedniego typu, co widać po rysunku;-)Głowna różnica to nowocześniejsze ustawienie głównej artylerii. Następny typ być może będzie miał już działa 190 mm w kazamatach:-) Przy okazji powiem, że myślę już o jakiejś niemieckiej odpowiedzi na brytyjski pancernik – prawdopodobnie będzie to okręt z 8 działami 280 mm,uzupełnionymi przez działa 170 mm.

 Leviathan, british armoured cruiser laid down 1900 (Engine 1901)

Displacement:
    13 750 t light; 14 305 t standard; 15 907 t normal; 17 188 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    532,87 ft / 532,32 ft x 71,39 ft x 26,44 ft (normal load)
    162,42 m / 162,25 m x 21,76 m  x 8,06 m

Armament:
      8 - 9,21" / 234 mm guns (4x2 guns), 390,95lbs / 177,33kg shells, 1900 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5,98" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 107,15lbs / 48,60kg shells, 1900 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, all amidships
      8 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1900 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side ends, evenly spread
      4 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
    Weight of broadside 4 092 lbs / 1 856 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 100
    2 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    5,98" / 152 mm    270,51 ft / 82,45 m    12,50 ft / 3,81 m
    Ends:    2,99" / 76 mm    102,46 ft / 31,23 m    10,01 ft / 3,05 m
      159,35 ft / 48,57 m Unarmoured ends
      Main Belt covers 78% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    7,52" / 191 mm    5,98" / 152 mm        7,52" / 191 mm
    2nd:    5,98" / 152 mm          -                  -
    3rd:    4,02" / 102 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 2,52" / 64 mm, Conning tower: 10,98" / 279 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 2 shafts, 28 146 ihp / 20 997 Kw = 22,00 kts
    Range 8 800nm at 10,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 2 883 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    707 - 920

Cost:
    £1,517 million / $6,068 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 511 tons, 3,2%
    Armour: 3 610 tons, 22,7%
       - Belts: 1 029 tons, 6,5%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 1 191 tons, 7,5%
       - Armour Deck: 1 241 tons, 7,8%
       - Conning Tower: 150 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 4 330 tons, 27,2%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 5 298 tons, 33,3%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 157 tons, 13,6%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      12 986 lbs / 5 891 Kg = 33,2 x 9,2 " / 234 mm shells or 1,5 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,15
    Metacentric height 3,9 ft / 1,2 m
    Roll period: 15,2 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 89 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,71
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,77

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has rise forward of midbreak
    Block coefficient: 0,554
    Length to Beam Ratio: 7,46 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 23,07 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -15,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,56 ft / 0,17 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        25,92 ft / 7,90 m
       - Forecastle (14%):    22,44 ft / 6,84 m
       - Mid (67%):        22,44 ft / 6,84 m (16,47 ft / 5,02 m aft of break)
       - Quarterdeck (16%):    16,47 ft / 5,02 m
       - Stern:        17,45 ft / 5,32 m
       - Average freeboard:    20,75 ft / 6,32 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114,7%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 150,7%
    Waterplane Area: 26 621 Square feet or 2 473 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 127 lbs/sq ft or 618 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,94
        - Longitudinal: 1,74
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather