Francuski krążownik torpedowy z lat 80-tych XIX w. - 02.07.2010

Jak wiadomo, u schyłku XIX w. Francuzi chwytali się każdego sposobu, by złamać dominację Wielkiej Brytanii na morzu. Jednym ze sposobów do osiągnięcia tego celu miała być broń torpedowa. Niestety, licznie budowane torpedowce nie spełniły oczekiwań, mając na skutek małych wymiarów kiepską dzielność morską i małą autonomiczność. Tym samym ich zastosowanie ograniczało się jedynie do wód przybrzeżnych, i to tylko przy dobrej pogodzie. W tej sytuacji interesującym rozwiązaniem było by umieszczenie torped na większej jednostce, która dzięki swoim rozmiarom byłaby w stanie działać w większym oddaleniu od baz i w gorszych warunkach. Oto moja propozycja krążownika torpedowego z połowy lat 80-tych XIX w.:

Tigre, french torpedo cruiser laid down 1885

Displacement:
    1 908 t light; 1 979 t standard; 2 236 t normal; 2 442 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    310,37 ft / 310,37 ft x 32,15 ft x 14,11 ft (normal load)
    94,60 m / 94,60 m x 9,80 m  x 4,30 m

Armament:
      2 - 3,94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 28,22lbs / 12,80kg shells, 1885 Model
      Quick firing guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      4 - 3,94" / 100 mm guns in single mounts, 28,22lbs / 12,80kg shells, 1885 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, all amidships
      6 - 2,24" / 57,0 mm guns in single mounts, 5,23lbs / 2,37kg shells, 1885 Model
      Quick firing guns in deck mounts
      on side, evenly spread
    Weight of broadside 201 lbs / 91 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 200
    8 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes, 12 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    1,18" / 30 mm    0,79" / 20 mm        1,18" / 30 mm
    2nd:    1,18" / 30 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 1,18" / 30 mm

Machinery:
    Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
    Direct drive, 1 shaft, 5 826 ihp / 4 346 Kw = 19,00 kts
    Range 4 100nm at 9,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 463 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
    162 - 211

Cost:
    £0,233 million / $0,931 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 25 tons, 1,1%
    Armour: 168 tons, 7,5%
       - Belts: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0%
       - Armament: 20 tons, 0,9%
       - Armour Deck: 149 tons, 6,6%
       - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0%
    Machinery: 1 034 tons, 46,3%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 680 tons, 30,4%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 329 tons, 14,7%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      301 lbs / 137 Kg = 10,7 x 3,9 " / 100 mm shells or 0,1 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,44
    Metacentric height 1,7 ft / 0,5 m
    Roll period: 10,3 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,16
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,45

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,556
    Length to Beam Ratio: 9,65 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 17,62 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -20,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        13,78 ft / 4,20 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    9,84 ft / 3,00 m
       - Mid (50%):        9,84 ft / 3,00 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    9,84 ft / 3,00 m
       - Stern:        9,84 ft / 3,00 m
       - Average freeboard:    10,16 ft / 3,10 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 276,5%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 47,8%
    Waterplane Area: 6 800 Square feet or 632 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 85%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 58 lbs/sq ft or 285 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,97
        - Longitudinal: 1,29
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is extremely poor
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is extremely poor
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily