środa, 29 sierpnia 2012

Superdrednot Oslablja - 17.10.2010

Rosyjski superdrednot dla floty bałtyckiej. W swoim czasie największy okręt wojenny świata. Jest to dalekie rozwinięcie typu Gangut (co widać po sylwetce), z tym, że zastosowano ustawienie wież artyleryjskich w superpozycji, zamiast na jednym poziomie, jak na Gangutach. znacznie zwiększona wyporność (pełna - ponad 34.000 ton!) pozwoliła na dodanie jednej potrójnej wieży artyleryjskiej (co daje w sumie rekordową liczbę 15 dział) oraz pogrubienie pancerza do wartości jakiej nie powstydziłby się pancerniki jakiejkolwiek innej floty. Zwłaszcza to ostatnie jest znacznym postępem w stosunku do słabo opancerzonego typu Gangut. Do tego wszystkiego okręt jest dość szybki. Może mało imponujący jest zasięg, który jednak na warunki bałtyckie powinien wystarczyć w zupełności.

  
Oslablja, russian battleship laid down 1914 (Engine 1916)

Displacement:
    27 226 t light; 29 111 t standard; 31 974 t normal; 34 264 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    657,81 ft / 657,81 ft x 95,80 ft x 30,51 ft (normal load)
    200,50 m / 200,50 m x 29,20 m  x 9,30 m

Armament:
      12 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns (4x3 guns), 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1914 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, evenly spread
      3 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns (1x3 guns), 865,70lbs / 392,67kg shells, 1914 Model
      Breech loading guns in a turret (on a barbette)
      on centreline amidships
      20 - 5,12" / 130 mm guns in single mounts, 67,03lbs / 30,40kg shells, 1914 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, evenly spread
      8 - 2,99" / 76,0 mm guns in single mounts, 13,39lbs / 6,07kg shells, 1914 Model
      Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships
    Weight of broadside 14 433 lbs / 6 547 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 150
    4 - 18,0" / 457 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    12,4" / 316 mm    453,74 ft / 138,30 m    14,44 ft / 4,40 m
    Ends:    5,31" / 135 mm    196,85 ft / 60,00 m    11,15 ft / 3,40 m
      7,22 ft / 2,20 m Unarmoured ends
      Main Belt covers 106% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        1,85" / 47 mm    555,45 ft / 169,30 m    27,23 ft / 8,30 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    12,0" / 305 mm    8,39" / 213 mm        9,41" / 239 mm
    2nd:    12,0" / 305 mm    8,39" / 213 mm        9,41" / 239 mm
    3rd:    4,72" / 120 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 3,43" / 87 mm, Conning tower: 12,99" / 330 mm

Machinery:
    Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Geared drive, 4 shafts, 57 748 shp / 43 080 Kw = 24,00 kts
    Range 6 800nm at 15,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 5 153 tons (75% coal)

Complement:
    1 195 - 1 554

Cost:
    £3,553 million / $14,212 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 1 804 tons, 5,6%
    Armour: 11 149 tons, 34,9%
       - Belts: 3 922 tons, 12,3%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 1 036 tons, 3,2%
       - Armament: 3 037 tons, 9,5%
       - Armour Deck: 2 872 tons, 9,0%
       - Conning Tower: 282 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 2 309 tons, 7,2%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 11 964 tons, 37,4%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4 748 tons, 14,8%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      46 512 lbs / 21 098 Kg = 53,7 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 7,4 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,14
    Metacentric height 6,0 ft / 1,8 m
    Roll period: 16,4 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 76 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,72
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,52

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,582
    Length to Beam Ratio: 6,87 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 25,65 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        22,97 ft / 7,00 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    21,98 ft / 6,70 m
       - Mid (50%):        21,98 ft / 6,70 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    21,98 ft / 6,70 m
       - Stern:        21,98 ft / 6,70 m
       - Average freeboard:    22,06 ft / 6,72 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 87,6%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 158,8%
    Waterplane Area: 45 320 Square feet or 4 210 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 185 lbs/sq ft or 902 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,95
        - Longitudinal: 1,59
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
    Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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