środa, 29 sierpnia 2012

Tosa i Amagi - 17.03.2010

Zgodnie z zapowiedzią, dziś projekty japońskie z programu 8+8 (nazwa programu miała wyrażać siłę japońskiej floty: 8 pancerników i 8 krążowników liniowych. Zbudowane okręty (Nagato i Mutsu) sobie daruję. Zatem, na początek pancerniki typu Tosa (drugi: Kaga) i krążowniki liniowe typu Amagi (pozostałe: Akagi, Atago, Takao). Mamy tu do czynienia z okrętami dość szybkimi (26-30 w.), ale raczej słabo opancerzonymi (pancerniki pb 280 - to mniej niż na poprzednich typach japońskich pancerników, a przecież te okręty miały walczyć ewentualnie z nowymi okrętami amerykańskimi (działa 406 mm) czy brytyjskimi (działa 457 mm). A należało się liczyć z faktem że w przyszłości kaliber artylerii pancerników jeszcze wzrośnie, być może osiągając nawet 20 cali (508 mm) co wydaje się być granicą rozsądku.. w tym kontekście tak słabe opancerzenie nie wydaje się być rozsądnym wyjściem. Ale to i tak lepiej niż 7 cali pancerza burtowego na planowanych amerykańskich Lexingtonach :-D - z tymi strach było podchodzić do czegokolwiek powyżej "zwykłego" krążownika, a najlepiej to od raqzu zwiewać jak tylko się pojawi dym na horyzoncie:-D
No, ale miało być o Japończykach.. Oto raporty ze springsharpa:

TOSA:

 źródło: wikipedia

Tosa, japan battleship laid down 1920 (Engine 1922)

Displacement:
    35 534 t light; 37 872 t standard; 39 938 t normal; 41 590 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    760,24 ft / 754,92 ft x 100,07 ft x 30,84 ft (normal load)
    231,72 m / 230,10 m x 30,50 m  x 9,40 m

Armament:
      10 - 16,14" / 410 mm guns (5x2 guns), 2 102,91lbs / 953,86kg shells, 1920 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, majority aft
      20 - 5,51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83,72lbs / 37,97kg shells, 1920 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, all amidships
      4 - 3,15" / 80,0 mm guns in single mounts, 15,62lbs / 7,09kg shells, 1920 Model
      Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships
    Weight of broadside 22 766 lbs / 10 326 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 120
    8 - 24,0" / 610 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    11,0" / 280 mm    446,52 ft / 136,10 m    17,06 ft / 5,20 m
    Ends:    9,02" / 229 mm    189,96 ft / 57,90 m    10,17 ft / 3,10 m
      118,44 ft / 36,10 m Unarmoured ends
    Upper:    11,0" / 280 mm    253,28 ft / 77,20 m    8,20 ft / 2,50 m
      Main Belt covers 91% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        1,57" / 40 mm    574,15 ft / 175,00 m    24,61 ft / 7,50 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    12,0" / 305 mm    9,02" / 229 mm        11,0" / 280 mm
    2nd:    5,51" / 140 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 4,02" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 14,02" / 356 mm

Machinery:
    Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Geared drive, 4 shafts, 92 868 shp / 69 280 Kw = 26,50 kts
    Range 6 500nm at 14,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 3 718 tons (32% coal)

Complement:
    1 412 - 1 836

Cost:
    Ł9,663 million / $38,654 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 2 846 tons, 7,1%
    Armour: 14 476 tons, 36,2%
       - Belts: 5 476 tons, 13,7%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 823 tons, 2,1%
       - Armament: 3 719 tons, 9,3%
       - Armour Deck: 4 105 tons, 10,3%
       - Conning Tower: 353 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 3 245 tons, 8,1%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 14 968 tons, 37,5%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4 404 tons, 11,0%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      43 816 lbs / 19 875 Kg = 20,8 x 16,1 " / 410 mm shells or 5,9 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,13
    Metacentric height 6,4 ft / 1,9 m
    Roll period: 16,7 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,70
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,10

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,600
    Length to Beam Ratio: 7,54 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 27,48 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 10,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        30,18 ft / 9,20 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    25,26 ft / 7,70 m
       - Mid (50%):        19,03 ft / 5,80 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    14,11 ft / 4,30 m
       - Stern:        1,15 ft / 0,35 m
       - Average freeboard:    19,03 ft / 5,80 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106,2%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 142,7%
    Waterplane Area: 55 250 Square feet or 5 133 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 91%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 199 lbs/sq ft or 969 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 0,99
        - Longitudinal: 1,02
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

AMAGI:
 
źródło: wikipedia

Amagi, japan battlecruiser laid down 1920 (Engine 1923)

Displacement:
    36 803 t light; 38 644 t standard; 41 234 t normal; 43 306 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    826,08 ft / 821,19 ft x 101,05 ft x 31,17 ft (normal load)
    251,79 m / 250,30 m x 30,80 m  x 9,50 m

Armament:
      10 - 16,14" / 410 mm guns (5x2 guns), 2 102,91lbs / 953,86kg shells, 1920 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, majority aft
      16 - 5,51" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 83,72lbs / 37,97kg shells, 1920 Model
      Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
      on side, all amidships
      4 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1920 Model
      Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships
    Weight of broadside 22 580 lbs / 10 242 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 80
    8 - 24,0" / 610 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    10,0" / 254 mm    437,66 ft / 133,40 m    13,12 ft / 4,00 m
    Ends:    7,87" / 200 mm    213,25 ft / 65,00 m    6,56 ft / 2,00 m
      170,28 ft / 51,90 m Unarmoured ends
    Upper:    7,87" / 200 mm    190,29 ft / 58,00 m    5,25 ft / 1,60 m
      Main Belt covers 82% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        1,30" / 33 mm    492,13 ft / 150,00 m    19,69 ft / 6,00 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    11,0" / 280 mm    7,48" / 190 mm        11,0" / 280 mm
    2nd:    3,94" / 100 mm          -                  -

   - Armour deck: 3,86" / 98 mm, Conning tower: 14,02" / 356 mm

Machinery:
    Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Geared drive, 4 shafts, 145 677 shp / 108 675 Kw = 30,00 kts
    Range 8 000nm at 14,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 4 661 tons (39% coal)

Complement:
    1 446 - 1 880

Cost:
    Ł10,319 million / $41,275 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 2 822 tons, 6,8%
    Armour: 11 518 tons, 27,9%
       - Belts: 3 384 tons, 8,2%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 466 tons, 1,1%
       - Armament: 3 143 tons, 7,6%
       - Armour Deck: 4 165 tons, 10,1%
       - Conning Tower: 360 tons, 0,9%
    Machinery: 5 048 tons, 12,2%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 17 415 tons, 42,2%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4 431 tons, 10,7%
    Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0,0%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      40 316 lbs / 18 287 Kg = 19,2 x 16,1 " / 410 mm shells or 4,8 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,19
    Metacentric height 7,0 ft / 2,1 m
    Roll period: 16,0 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 46 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,55
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,83

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,558
    Length to Beam Ratio: 8,13 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 28,66 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 12,00 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        22,97 ft / 7,00 m
       - Forecastle (20%):    19,03 ft / 5,80 m
       - Mid (50%):        17,06 ft / 5,20 m
       - Quarterdeck (15%):    17,06 ft / 5,20 m
       - Stern:        17,06 ft / 5,20 m
       - Average freeboard:    18,06 ft / 5,51 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 118,2%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 134,6%
    Waterplane Area: 58 348 Square feet or 5 421 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 93%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 219 lbs/sq ft or 1 071 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 1,12
        - Longitudinal: 0,96
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

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