Wielkie krążowniki japońskie proj. B65 - 09.12.2010

Wielkie krążowniki japońskie zaprojektowane do tworzenia wraz z lotniskowcami szybkich grup uderzeniowych i niszczenia – uważanych za główne zagrożenie dla lotniskowców – amerykańskich krążowników ciężkich (wobec niskiej prędkości amerykańskich pancerników taki pogląd miał nawet sens). Pierwotny projekt, uzbrojony w 9 dział 310 mm, na wieść o budowie podobnie uzbrojonych wielkich krążowników typu Alaska, zdecydowano się zmodyfikować poprzez zamianę uzbrojenia na 6 dział 360 mm. Ostatecznie jednak, wobec priorytetu lotniskowców i lotnictwa morskiego w realiach wojennych, budowy zaniechano. Poniżej prezentuję symulację wariantu uzbrojonego w 9x310 (równie dobrze w danych można podstawić 6x360).

Okręty w typie: Kawachi, Sagami. 

  

 

Kawachi, japanese large cruiser laid down 1941 (Engine 1943)

Displacement:
    30 613 t light; 31 897 t standard; 34 870 t normal; 37 248 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
    802,48 ft / 790,58 ft x 89,01 ft x 29,00 ft (normal load)
    244,60 m / 240,97 m x 27,13 m  x 8,84 m

Armament:
      9 - 12,20" / 310 mm guns (3x3 guns), 908,98lbs / 412,31kg shells, 1941 Model
      Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on centreline ends, majority forward
      16 - 3,94" / 100 mm guns (8x2 guns), 30,51lbs / 13,84kg shells, 1941 Model
      Dual purpose guns in turrets (on barbettes)
      on side, all amidships
      12 - 0,98" / 25,0 mm guns (4x3 guns), 0,48lbs / 0,22kg shells, 1941 Model
      Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships
      8 - 0,52" / 13,2 mm guns (4x2 guns), 0,07lbs / 0,03kg shells, 1941 Model
      Machine guns in deck mounts
      on side, all amidships
    Weight of broadside 8 675 lbs / 3 935 kg
    Shells per gun, main battery: 120
    8 - 24,0" / 610 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)
    Main:    7,48" / 190 mm    481,00 ft / 146,61 m    14,17 ft / 4,32 m
    Ends:    2,99" / 76 mm    289,99 ft / 88,39 m    12,17 ft / 3,71 m
      19,59 ft / 5,97 m Unarmoured ends
      Main Belt covers 94% of normal length
      Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
        2,52" / 64 mm    481,00 ft / 146,61 m    25,00 ft / 7,62 m

   - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)
    Main:    11,8" / 300 mm    8,27" / 210 mm        11,8" / 300 mm
    2nd:    2,56" / 65 mm    1,57" / 40 mm        2,36" / 60 mm

   - Armour deck: 4,92" / 125 mm, Conning tower: 11,81" / 300 mm

Machinery:
    Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
    Geared drive, 4 shafts, 233 850 shp / 174 452 Kw = 34,50 kts
    Range 8 000nm at 18,00 kts
    Bunker at max displacement = 5 351 tons

Complement:
    1 275 - 1 658

Cost:
    £17,482 million / $69,926 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
    Armament: 1 084 tons, 3,1%
    Armour: 10 601 tons, 30,4%
       - Belts: 2 570 tons, 7,4%
       - Torpedo bulkhead: 1 121 tons, 3,2%
       - Armament: 1 961 tons, 5,6%
       - Armour Deck: 4 677 tons, 13,4%
       - Conning Tower: 272 tons, 0,8%
    Machinery: 6 040 tons, 17,3%
    Hull, fittings & equipment: 12 738 tons, 36,5%
    Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4 257 tons, 12,2%
    Miscellaneous weights: 150 tons, 0,4%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
    Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
      43 405 lbs / 19 688 Kg = 47,8 x 12,2 " / 310 mm shells or 5,8 torpedoes
    Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,25
    Metacentric height 6,3 ft / 1,9 m
    Roll period: 14,9 seconds
    Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 38 %
            - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,33
    Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,57

Hull form characteristics:
    Hull has a flush deck
    Block coefficient: 0,598
    Length to Beam Ratio: 8,88 : 1
    'Natural speed' for length: 28,12 kts
    Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 %
    Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
    Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 22,60 degrees
    Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
    Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
       - Stem:        28,58 ft / 8,71 m
       - Forecastle (21%):    19,06 ft / 5,81 m
       - Mid (50%):        19,06 ft / 5,81 m
       - Quarterdeck (18%):    19,06 ft / 5,81 m
       - Stern:        14,27 ft / 4,35 m
       - Average freeboard:    19,44 ft / 5,93 m
    Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
    Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 104,3%
        - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 131,3%
    Waterplane Area: 51 371 Square feet or 4 772 Square metres
    Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111%
    Structure weight / hull surface area: 175 lbs/sq ft or 854 Kg/sq metre
    Hull strength (Relative):
        - Cross-sectional: 1,12
        - Longitudinal: 0,96
        - Overall: 1,00
    Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
    Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
    Caution: Lacks seaworthiness - very limited seakeeping ability